I dont know how good they are compared to using sponge/foam or ceramic media but I would guess they are probably the worse.
A very simple test I use to judge how effective a media will be is to see how long it will retain water. My very crude logic is that the more porous the material and the more surface area it has, the more water it will retain. I 'test' media basically the same way twice. Either dunk the basket of media in water or slowly pour water onto it.
From doing this, plastic is bottom, foam/sponge is middle, ceramics are top. But one major advantage of plastic media is its ease of cleaning, mainly because it traps very little debris. I do use a fair amount of plastic media, my panaque pond filter is full of it.